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2.4 NCAM和临床眼科疾病 粘附分子和眼科疾病的关系研究才刚刚起步，如羊膜移植可通过降低角膜组织细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)的表达水平来抑制炎症反应[28]。而NCAM在眼科疾病中的研究更少，以前有学者认为免疫球蛋白超家族如NCAM等在神经肿瘤细胞上不同的表达量代表着肿瘤细胞不同的分化阶段。近年来有学者[29]研究免疫球蛋白超家族在原发性视网膜母细胞瘤的表达中发现，其瘤细胞出现高水平的NCAM免疫反应性。研究发现，NCAM和其他粘附分子的调节与肿瘤细胞局部的浸润转移有关[30]，非唾液酸化的NCAM表达的减少，降低了细胞的粘附作用，从而有助于肿瘤细胞的转移[31]。
综上所述，尽管NCAM的结构及其在神经系统中的作用已取得了一些研究成果，但在其作用机制方面尚存争议。例如，NCAM的5个Ig组件在反式作用中所扮演的角色问题，不同的学者观点不一，尚缺乏确凿的实验数据加以证实[32-34]。目前NCAM在眼科学领域中的研究多局限于离体研究，很少对NCAM分子进行活体研究;NCAM和视网膜母细胞瘤的关系尚未明了，NCAM表达对视网膜母细胞瘤的生长会产生何种影响，NCAM对视神经的发育及再生等的影响机理还不清楚，这些问题均有待于进一步的研究和探索。
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