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8.nm23基因
nm23基因又称转移抑制基因，为人类正常基因，也是一种抑癌基因。其定位于染色体17q21.3，由nm23-H1，nm23-H2和nm23-H3 3个基因组成。其中nm23-H1与肿瘤转移表型关系密切。nm23能抑制肿瘤细胞微管系统的聚合，使微管蛋白上的GTP转换为GDP，导致肿瘤细胞微管系统解聚，从而抑制肿瘤细胞移动。nm23基因不仅能抑制肿瘤转移，也能部分地抑制肿瘤形成，但不抑制肿瘤细胞生长。BCC只浸润不转移，可能与BCC保留着高水平的nm23-H1有关[43,44]。
四、展望
随着肿瘤分子生物学的发展，对肿瘤相关基因的研究必将进一步深入，BCC的发病机制会更加明晰。上述的回顾显示多种基因的异常表达在BCC的发生发展过程中起着重要作用，同时也说明了BCC的发生发展是一个多因素、多基因、多阶段异常累积的过程。进一步研究癌相关基因在BCC发生、发展及转移机制中的作用，对于揭示BCC的生物学行为与探索有效的防治方法具有重要意义。
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